A+ hardware
| Domain | % of examination |
| Installation, configuration and upgrading | 35% |
| Diagnosing and troubleshooting | 21% |
| Preventive maintenance | 5% |
| Motherboard/processors/memory | 11% |
| Printers | 9% |
| Basic networking | 19% |
| Total | 100% |
A+ OS technologies
| Domain | % of examination |
| OS fundamentals | 28% |
| Installation, configuration and upgrading | 31% |
| Diagnosing and troubleshooting | 25% |
| Networks | 16% |
| Total | 100% |
Topics on A+ hardware
- Installation, configuration and upgrading -- 35%
- Identify physical parts
- Motherboard
- Firmware
- Power supply
- Storage devices
- Memory (physical vs. cache)
- Portable storage devices
- Network cards and network cables
- Printers
- Identify IRQ, I/O and DMA settings
- Legacy devices
- Identify port types
- Serial
- Parallel
- Infrared
- Wireless
- SCSI
- RAID (0,1,5)
- Diagnosing and troubleshooting -- 21%
- Hardware vs. software problems
- Troubleshooting techniques
- Tools of the trade
- Cooling systems
- Adapters
- Portable systems
- Preventive maintenance -- 5%
- Cleaning compounds
- Non-static vacuums
- Ventilation
- Hard drive maintenance (defrag)
- UPS (uninterruptible power supply)
- Motherboard/processors/memory -- 11%
- Popular CPU chips
- Voltage
- AT/ATX power supply
- Speeds
- Cache (LI, LII, LIII)
- Memory types (FPM, EDO, RAMBUS, SIMM, DIMM)
- USB, AMR, CNR
- CMOS settings
- Plug-and-play BIOS
- Printers -- 9%
- Printer types (laser, ink jet, dot matrix)
- Interface types (serial, parallel, USB, SCSI, IEEE1394)
- Local vs. network printing
- Troubleshooting
- Error codes
- Basic networking --19%
- Cable types (coaxial, UTP, STP, fiber)
- Connector types (BNC,RG45)
- Concepts
- Installing network cards
- Addressing
- Bandwidth
- Protocols
- Topologies (LAN, WAN, DSL, CABLE)
- Topology wiring
Topics on A+ operating systems
- OS fundamentals -- 28%
- Differences between the major versions of MS Windows (9x, NT, 2000, XP)
- Operating system components (registry, virtual memory, file systems)
- System interfaces (command line vs. graphical user interface)
- Identify major system files and their purpose
- Disk partitions and configuring (primary vs. extended partitions)
- File systems and sizes (FAT 16, FAT 32, NTFS4/5)
- Directory structures (navigating and creating)
- Files (naming, attributes, tools, encryption, permissions)
- Disk management tools
- System management tools
- File management tools
- Installation, configuration and upgrading -- 31%
- Identify procedures involved with installing and upgrading operating systems
- Hardware compatibility
- Minimum requirements
- Installation types (local vs. network)
- Starting installation
- Partitioning the hard drive
- Use the correct setup utility (setup vs. winnt vs. winnt32)
- Driver configuration (default and upgraded drivers)
- Troubleshooting installation errors
- Diagnosing and troubleshooting -- 25%
- Identify error messages and error codes
- Boot failures
- Startup errors
- System.ini and Win.ini files
- Utilities (Dr. Watson, boot disk, event viewer)
- Boot disk
- Startup modes (safe mode, safe mode with command prompt, last known good configuration)
- Device manager
- Recovery CD
- Troubleshoot printing problems (windows print spooler)
- Windows NT, 2000 and XP BSOD (Blue Screen of Death)
- Network boot failures
- Networks -- 16%
- Configure protocols
- TCP/IP vs. IPX/SPX
- Gateway
- Manual IP addressing
- Subnet mask
- Apple Talk
- Network command line tools
- Ping, Tracert, IPconfig, winipcfg
- Network protocols
- HTTP/HTTPS (normal vs secure communication)
- FTP and Telnet
- Installing and configuring browsers
- Firewalls and security
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